One common and stupidly simple way hosts are compromissed is weak SSH passwords. You would think people have learned by now, but evidently there are still enough systems with root passwords like 12345 around to make scanning for them a worthwhile exercise. As a result, one of my favorite honeypot tools is kippo, and we have talked about the tool before. I figured it is a good time again to write a quick update on some recent compromisses

The basic compromisse tends to follow a basic pattern:

- user logs in as root
- looks a bit around the system (uname -a, cpuinfo and the like)
- sometimes performes a bandwidth test by downloading a large file, for example a Windows service pack.
- the installs some kind of rootkit/backdoor/bot
- sometimes adds a user to the system.

Here are some of the recent artifacts:

- a UID 0 user called "cvsroot" (this user CAN be found on normal systems, but not with a UID of 0)
- the usual "hidden" directory name of many spaces (e.g. cd /var/tmp; mkdir "    " )

Here are some of the domains I have seen used to download bots  and other tools from:

bnry.jorgee.nu, anglefire.com/komales88, donjoan.go.ro

One particular interesting attacker actually used a little trick to figure out if the system ran kippo, by installing a non-existing package. If the "apt-get" command is used, kippo will always simulate success, even if the packes wouldn't exist. So our enterprising hacker issued the following command:

apt-get install kippofuck

and of course, kippo pretended to install this package. The attacker of course immediatly disconnected.

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Johannes B. Ullrich, Ph.D.
SANS Technology Institute
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